منابع مشابه
Signal relays in the VEGF system.
A considerable progress has been made during the past years in elucidating the molecular actors of angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor turned out to represent the major inducer of angiogenesis. Optional splicing of its pre messenger RNA generates various isoforms which differ not only by their storage in the extracellular matrix but also by their signaling pathways. VEGF binds and ...
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Intracellular signaling induced by peptide growth factors can stimulate secretion of these molecules into the extracellular medium. In autocrine and paracrine networks, this can establish a positive feedback loop between ligand binding and ligand release. When coupled to intercellular communication by autocrine ligands, this positive feedback can generate constant-speed traveling waves. To demo...
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A mechanistic model of discrete one-dimensional arrays of autocrine cells interacting via diffusible signals is investigated. Under physiologically relevant assumptions, the model is reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations for the intracellular variables, with a particular, biophysically derived type of long-range coupling between cells. Exact discrete traveling wave and static k...
متن کاملUnique signal transduction of the VEGF family members VEGF-A and VEGF-E.
Both VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor)-A and Orf-virus-encoded VEGF-E bind and activate VEGFR (VEGF receptor)-2; however, only VEGF-A binds VEGFR-1. To understand the biological differences between VEGF-A and VEGF-E in vivo, we established transgenic mouse models. K14 (keratin-14)-promoter-driven VEGF-E transgenic mice showed a significant increase in mature blood vessels. However, K14-...
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Electric Utilities Company of Nigeria (EUCN) have traditionally used electromechanical (EMR) distance relays for the protection of transmission lines in the past, and many such relays are still in use in power systems today. In this paper, microprocessor-based protective relays (MPBRs) applications in the Nigeria power systems protection were investigated. This paper evaluates the performance o...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Bioscience
سال: 1999
ISSN: 1093-9946,1093-4715
DOI: 10.2741/a417